Civil and Public Law

Summary

Civil law is a system of law which is concerned with the rights and duties of individuals towards each other. It includes: law of contract, tort, property, succession and family law. Public law is the law governing the relationship between individuals( citizens, companies) and the state. The sub-divisions of public law are Constitutional, administrative and criminal law.
The punishment is the practise of imposing something unpleasant on a subject as a response to immoral behaviour. There are two types of punishment: financial punishment and imprisonment punishment. The prosecution is the legal party responsible for presenting the case against an individual suspect of breaking the law in a criminal trial. The civil action is then innocence has to be proven on the balance of probabilities. The criminal action is then innocence has to be proven "beyond reasonable doubt".
The looser of the action is a person who looses court and is usually ordered to pay his or her opponent's costs, to the winner of the court. If he or she disobey to court decision he or she may also be forced to pay a criminal penalty.